Re: [dinosaur] Feather evolution + ostrich leg tendons + tetrapod sesamoid bones

The pdf is now free:

W. Scott Persons & Philip J. Currie (2019)
Feather evolution exemplifies sexually selected bridges across the adaptive
landscape.
Evolution (advance online publication)
doi: https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__doi.org_10.1111_evo.13795&d=DwIFaQ&c=clK7kQUTWtAVEOVIgvi0NU5BOUHhpN0H8p7CSfnc_gI&r=Ry_mO4IFaUmGof_Yl9MyZgecRCKHn5g4z1CYJgFW9SI&m=xuzlfh9CzOqo9XsBV1dAamQKco8R8zssThiAoj6ow04&s=lGhEB0FzJqYRegPWGpEKc5ViIAKWEA8ItZgjqsTS4ok&e= 
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On Tue, Jul 30, 2019 at 11:19 AM Ben Creisler <[email protected]> wrote:

>
> Ben Creisler
> [email protected]
>
> Some recent papers:
>
>
> W. Scott Persons & Philip J. Currie (2019)
> Feather evolution exemplifies sexually selected bridges across the
> adaptive landscape.
> Evolution (advance online publication)
> doi: https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__doi.org_10.1111_evo.13795&d=DwIFaQ&c=clK7kQUTWtAVEOVIgvi0NU5BOUHhpN0H8p7CSfnc_gI&r=Ry_mO4IFaUmGof_Yl9MyZgecRCKHn5g4z1CYJgFW9SI&m=xuzlfh9CzOqo9XsBV1dAamQKco8R8zssThiAoj6ow04&s=lGhEB0FzJqYRegPWGpEKc5ViIAKWEA8ItZgjqsTS4ok&e= 
> https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__onlinelibrary.wiley.com_doi_10.1111_evo.13795&d=DwIFaQ&c=clK7kQUTWtAVEOVIgvi0NU5BOUHhpN0H8p7CSfnc_gI&r=Ry_mO4IFaUmGof_Yl9MyZgecRCKHn5g4z1CYJgFW9SI&m=xuzlfh9CzOqo9XsBV1dAamQKco8R8zssThiAoj6ow04&s=5jYP1TCwenySwaQX8Gp2uE2533rPAtTbBugew1KuwZ8&e= 
>
>
> Over the last two decades, paleontologists have pieced together the early
> evolutionary history of feathers. Simple hair‐like feathers served as
> insulating pelage, but the first feathers with complex branching structures
> and a plainer form evolved for the purpose of sexual display. The evolution
> of these complex display feathers was essential to the later evolution of
> flight. Feathers illustrate how sexual selection can generate complex novel
> phenotypes, which are then available for natural selection to modify and
> direct toward novel functions. In the longstanding metaphor of the adaptive
> landscape, sexual selection is a means by which lineages resting on one
> adaptive peak may gradually bridge a gap to another peak, without the
> landscape itself being first altered by environmental changes.
>
> ====
>
> Sarah B. Channon, Iain S. Young, Beckie Cordner & Nicola Swann (2019)
> Ontogenetic scaling of pelvic limb muscles, tendons and locomotor economy
> in the Ostrich (Struthio camelus).
> Journal of Experimental Biology : jeb.182741 (advance online publication)
> doi: 10.1242/jeb.182741
> https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__jeb.biologists.org_content_early_2019_07_26_jeb.182741&d=DwIFaQ&c=clK7kQUTWtAVEOVIgvi0NU5BOUHhpN0H8p7CSfnc_gI&r=Ry_mO4IFaUmGof_Yl9MyZgecRCKHn5g4z1CYJgFW9SI&m=xuzlfh9CzOqo9XsBV1dAamQKco8R8zssThiAoj6ow04&s=k1e-ZqfhPrKo7xMjMLNPKaBl-6EBHCQpuA-XlZyuGSE&e= 
>
>
> In rapidly growing animals there are numerous selective pressures and
> developmental constraints underpinning the ontogenetic development of
> muscle-tendon morphology and mechanical properties. Muscle force generating
> capacity, tendon stiffness, elastic energy storage capacity and efficiency
> were calculated from muscle and tendon morphological parameters and
> in-vitro tendon mechanical properties, obtained from a growth series of
> ostrich cadavers. Ontogenetic scaling relationships were established using
> reduced major axis regression analysis. Ostrich pelvic limb muscle mass and
> cross-sectional area broadly scaled with positive allometry, indicating
> maintained or relatively greater capacity for maximum isometric force
> generation in bigger animals. The length of distal limb tendons was found
> to scale with positive allometry in several tendons associated with
> antigravity support and elastic energy storage during locomotion. Distal
> limb tendon stiffness scaled with negative allometry with respect to body
> mass, with tendons being relatively more compliant in larger birds. Tendon
> material properties also appeared to be size-dependent, suggesting the
> relative increased compliance of tendons in larger ostriches is due in part
> to compensatory distortions in tendon material properties during maturation
> and development, not simply from ontogenetic changes in tendon geometry.
> Our results suggest that the previously reported increase in locomotor
> economy through ontogeny in the ostrich is likely due to greater potential
> for elastic energy storage with increasing body size. In fact, the rate of
> this increase may be somewhat greater than the conservative predictions of
> previous studies thus illustrating the biological importance of elastic
> tendon structures in adult ostriches.
>
> ======
>
>
> Virginia Abdala, Miriam C. Vera, Lucila I. Amador, Gabriela Fontanarrosa,
> Jessica Fratani & María L. Ponssa (2019)
> Sesamoids in tetrapods: the origin of new skeletal morphologies.
> Biological Reviews (advance online publication)
> doi: https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__doi.org_10.1111_brv.12546&d=DwIFaQ&c=clK7kQUTWtAVEOVIgvi0NU5BOUHhpN0H8p7CSfnc_gI&r=Ry_mO4IFaUmGof_Yl9MyZgecRCKHn5g4z1CYJgFW9SI&m=xuzlfh9CzOqo9XsBV1dAamQKco8R8zssThiAoj6ow04&s=QaP_0KlE1acgEykgiF9JgPbRpjNzo_99wetbVkyJ74s&e= 
> https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__onlinelibrary.wiley.com_doi_10.1111_brv.12546&d=DwIFaQ&c=clK7kQUTWtAVEOVIgvi0NU5BOUHhpN0H8p7CSfnc_gI&r=Ry_mO4IFaUmGof_Yl9MyZgecRCKHn5g4z1CYJgFW9SI&m=xuzlfh9CzOqo9XsBV1dAamQKco8R8zssThiAoj6ow04&s=v222xR254nk4QbMRU23ZpSFxoH27WVQmMr6_IlVic1o&e= 
>
> Along with supernumerary bones, sesamoids, defined as any organized
> intratendinous/intraligamentous structure, including those composed of
> fibrocartilage, adjacent to an articulation or joint, have been frequently
> considered as enigmatic structures associated with the joints of the
> skeletal system of vertebrates. This review allows us to propose a dynamic
> model to account for part of skeletal phenotypic diversity: during
> evolution, sesamoids can become displaced, attaching to and detaching from
> the long bone epiphyses and diaphysis. Epiphyses, apophyses and detached
> sesamoids are able to transform into each other, contributing to the
> phenotypic variability of the tetrapod skeleton. This dynamic model is a
> new paradigm to delineate the contribution of sesamoids to skeletal
> diversity. Herein, we first present a historical approach to the study of
> sesamoids, discussing the genetic versus epigenetic theories of their
> genesis and growth. Second, we construct a dynamic model. Third, we present
> a summary of literature on sesamoids of the main groups of tetrapods,
> including veterinary and human clinical contributions, which are the
> best‐studied aspects of sesamoids in recent decades. Finally, we discuss
> the identity of certain structures that have been labelled as sesamoids
> despite insufficient formal testing of homology. We also propose a new
> definition to help the identification of sesamoids in general. This review
> is particularly timely, given the recent increasing interest and research
> activity into the developmental biology and mechanics of sesamoids. With
> this updated and integrative discussion, we hope to pave the way to improve
> the understanding of sesamoid biology and evolution.
>
> ===
>
> Free pdf:
>
> Richard T. Bex,  Lisa Lundgren &  Kent J. Crippen (2019)
> Scientific Twitter: The flow of paleontological communication across a
> topic network
> PLoS ONE 14(7): e0219688.
> doi: https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__doi.org_10.1371_journal.pone.0219688&d=DwIFaQ&c=clK7kQUTWtAVEOVIgvi0NU5BOUHhpN0H8p7CSfnc_gI&r=Ry_mO4IFaUmGof_Yl9MyZgecRCKHn5g4z1CYJgFW9SI&m=xuzlfh9CzOqo9XsBV1dAamQKco8R8zssThiAoj6ow04&s=15PjUictNhEcreu6PrJ60SPf6XiLSZUFJlhEr9qlAS0&e= 
> https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__journals.plos.org_plosone_article-3Fid-3D10.1371_journal.pone.0219688&d=DwIFaQ&c=clK7kQUTWtAVEOVIgvi0NU5BOUHhpN0H8p7CSfnc_gI&r=Ry_mO4IFaUmGof_Yl9MyZgecRCKHn5g4z1CYJgFW9SI&m=xuzlfh9CzOqo9XsBV1dAamQKco8R8zssThiAoj6ow04&s=9qcKg9MAsi5CNuOEf_GnuOdCaMCe5SuihTg6xKj24E4&e= 
>
>
> The field of paleontology, which is based principally on observations of
> the natural world, includes an active community that is engaged across
> multiple social media platforms, consisting of museums, academic
> researchers, amateur fossil collectors, paleontological artists, and
> commercial fossil dealers. As such, it represents an ideal environment for
> examining the people, interactions, and flow of scientific information.
> Using interactions involving the four most popular Twitter hashtags for
> paleontology, this embedded mixed methods study defined the members of this
> social world and investigated how they influenced and controlled the flow
> of information, as well as how their expression of scientific practice was
> related to their identity. Results provide further evidence for the
> diversity of people and practice involved in this domain of science and
> indicate that the magnitude and breadth of the public’s impact may be
> larger than previously projected. Certain types of messages were shown to
> be effective for different segments of the community, but news posts,
> essentially media outlet stories, were ineffective for generating any form
> of engagement. This study adds to our understanding of the important
> scientific contribution being made by members of the public as they
> interact with professional scientists and educators as peers in an open
> social media platform that supports a diverse and active community.
>
> ===
>
>
>
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