cvs: phpdoc-he /language expressions.xml

Index: phpdoc-he/language/expressions.xml
diff -u phpdoc-he/language/expressions.xml:1.3 phpdoc-he/language/expressions.xml:1.4
--- phpdoc-he/language/expressions.xml:1.3	Thu Jul 24 05:26:07 2003
+++ phpdoc-he/language/expressions.xml	Tue Aug  5 04:20:41 2003
@@ -1,42 +1,37 @@
 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="WINDOWS-1255"?>
-<!-- $Revision: 1.3 $ -->
- <chapter id="language.expressions">
-   <title>áéèåééí </title>
-
-   <simpara>
+<!-- $Revision: 1.4 $ -->
+<!--EN-Revision: 1.21 Maintainer: noam Status: working -->
+<chapter id="language.expressions">
+	<title>áéèåééí </title>
+	<simpara>
     áéèåééí äí àçã îàáðé äééñåã äëé çùåáéí á PHP.  á PHP,
     ëîòè ëì ãáø ùëåúáéí äåà áéèåé.  äãøê äôùåèä 
     åäîãåéé÷ú áéåúø ìäâãéø àú äîåðç "áéèåé" äéà "ëì ãáø ùéù ìå
     òøê".</simpara>
-
-   <simpara>
+	<simpara>
     äöåøä äáñéñéú áéåúø ùì "áéèåéí" äí ÷áåòéí åîùúðéí.
     ëàùø î÷ìéãéí "$a = 5", ìîòùä îöéáéí àú äòøê '5' ìúåê $a. ìîñôø 
     '5', éù ëîåáï àú äòøê 5, àå áîéìéí àçøåú '5' äåà áéèåé òí äòøê
     5 (áî÷øä ùìðå, '5' äåà ÷áåò îñåâ îñ' ùìí ).</simpara>
-
-   <simpara>
-    àçøé ääöáä äð"ì, ëöôåé äòøê ùì $a's äåà 5.
+	<simpara>
+    àçøé ääöáä äð"ì, ëöôåé äòøê ùì $a äåà 5.
     ëîå ëï, àí ééúëá áúåëðéú $b = $a, äúåöàä úäéä ëàéìå ðëúá 
     $b = 5.  áîéìéí àçøåú, $a äåà "áéèåé" òí äòøê
     5 âí ëï.</simpara>
-
-   <para>
+	<para>
     ãåâîàà îòè éåúø îåøëáú "ìáéèåééí" äí ôåð÷öéåú. 
     ìîùì, äáà ðáçï àú äãåâîà äáàä:
 
     <informalexample>
-     <programlisting role="php">
-<![CDATA[
+			<programlisting role="php"><![CDATA[
 function foo ()
 {
     return 5;
 }
-]]>
-     </programlisting>
-    </informalexample></para>
-
-   <simpara>
+]]></programlisting>
+		</informalexample>
+	</para>
+	<simpara>
     áäðçä ùéù ìê äéëøåú òí äðåùà ùì ôåð÷öéåú (àí äúùåáä ùìéìéú
     úï äööä áôø÷ äãï á"ôåð÷öéåú"), àúä áèç îðéç
     ùäáéèåé  <literal>$c = foo()</literal> äåà áéñåãå îîù ëîå 
@@ -44,17 +39,15 @@
     äï áéèåééí òí äòøê ùäï òöîï îçæéøåú.  îàçø å foo()
     îçæéø àú äòøê 5, àôùø ìàîø ùäòøê ùì äôåð÷öéä 'foo()' äåà 5.  ìøåá,
     ôå÷ð÷öéåú ìà ø÷ îçæéøåú òøê ñèèé, àìà âí  îáöòåú çéùåá ëìùäå.</simpara>
-
-   <simpara>
-    ëîáåï, òøëéí á PHP ìà çééáéí ìäéåú integers (îñôøéí ùìîéí), åìòéúéí ÷øåáåú
+	<simpara>
+    ëîåáï, òøëéí á PHP ìà çééáéí ìäéåú integers (îñôøéí ùìîéí), åìòéúéí ÷øåáåú
     äí ìà.  PHP úåîëú áùìåùä òøëéí ñ÷àìøééí (äñáø áäîùê): îñôøéí ùìîéí,
     òøëé ð÷åãä öôä (îñôøéí ìà ùìîéí) åòøëé îçøåæú (òøëéí ñ÷ìøééí-scalar-  äí
     òøëéí ùìà ðéúï ì"ùáåø" ìç÷ìéí ÷èðéí éåúø, ìäáãéì ìîùì îîòøëéí).
     PHP úåîëú ëîåáï áùðé ñåâé òøëéí îåøëáéí(non-scalar): îòøëéí 
     åàåáéé÷èéí.  ëì àçã îñåâ òøëéí æä  éëåì ìäéåú îå÷öä ìúåê îùúðä àå
     àå ìäéåú îåçæø îúåê ôåð÷öéåú.</simpara>
-
-   <simpara>
+	<simpara>
     ìôé ùòä, îùúîùéí ùì PHP/FI 2 ìà öøéëéí ìäøâéù ëì ùéðåé.  áëì î÷øä, PHP
     ì÷çå àú "äáéèåééí" øçå÷ éåúø, îîù ëôé ùòùå ùôåú 
     øáåú àçøåú.  PHP äéà ùôä îåðçéú áéèåééí , îäáçéðä
@@ -67,85 +60,65 @@
     ääöáä òöîä éåöøú òøê âí ìòøê äîå÷öä, áî÷øä äæä 5.
     ìîòùä, æä àåîø ù '$a = 5', îáìé ìäúééçñ ìîä ùäåà òåùä,
     äåà áéèåé òí äòøê 5.  ìëï, ëúéáä ùì 
-    '$b = ($a = 5)' äéà ëîå ëúéáä ùì '$a = 5; $b = 5;' (äñéîï ñîé÷åìå ';'
+    '$b = ($a = 5)' äéà ëîå ëúéáä ùì '$a = 5; $b = 5;' (äñéîï ð÷åãä ôñé÷ ';'
     îñîï ñéåí ùì îùôè äåøàä).  îàçø åðéúåç äîùôè  ðòùä
     îéîéï ìùîàì, àôùø ìîòùä âí ìëúåá: '$b = $a = 5'.</simpara>
-
-   <simpara>
+	<simpara>
     ãåâîà èåáä ðåñôú ìäñáø öåøú ÷øéàú äáéèåééí:
     îùúîùé  PHP/FI 2 åùôåú
-    àçøåú òùåééí ìäëéø àú  ÷éåîí ùì äàåôøèåøéí îùðúä++ å
+    àçøåú òùåééí ìäëéø àú  ÷éåîí ùì äàåôøèåøéí îùúðä++ å
     îùúðä--.  àìå äí äàåôøèåøéí ì÷éãåí åìäçñøä.  á
     PHP/FI 2, äîùôè '$a++' äåà çñø òøê (äåà àéðå
     áéèåé), åìëï àéï áå ëì ùéîåù.
-    PHP îâéáøä àú äéëåìåú ùì àåôøèåøé ääâãìä/çéñåø òì éãé äôéëúí
+    PHP îâáéøä àú äéëåìåú ùì àåôøèåøé ääâãìä/çéñåø òì éãé äôéëúí
     ìáéèåééí, îîù ëîå á C.  á PHP, ëîå á C, éùðí
     ùðé ñåâéí ùì àåôøèåøé äâãìä  pre-increment å post-increment.
-    ùðé àìä áééñåãí îâãéìéí àú òøëé 
+    ùðé àìä áéñåãí îâãéìéí àú òøëé 
     äîùúðä, åäàô÷è òì äîùúðä äåà æää.  ääáãì
-    äåà áòøê ùê äîùúðä äîåâãì.
+    äåà áòøê ùì äîùúðä äîåâãì.
     Pre-increment, ùðëúá ë '++$variable', îâãéì àú äòøê
     äîåâãì (PHP îâãéìä àú äòøê ìôðé ùäéà ÷åøàú àú äòøê
     ìëï äîåðç 'pre-increment' àå áúøâåí öåìò îùäå: "îåâãì îøàù").  
     Post-increment, ùðëúá ë '$variable++' îöéá àú äòøê äî÷åøé ùì
     $variable, ìôðé ùäåà îâãéì àåúå (PHP îâãéìä àú äòøê ùì äîùúðä
     àçøé ù÷øàä àú òøëå, ìôéëê äùí 'post-increment').</simpara>
-
-   <simpara>
-    ñåâ îôåó ùì áéèåééí äåà áéèåé äùååàä.
+	<simpara>
+    ñåâ ðåñó ùì áéèåééí äåà áéèåé äùååàä.
     áéèåééí àìå îåòøëéí ë  0 àå 1, ëìåîø ë &false; àå ë &true;
     (áäúàîä).  PHP úåîëú á &gt; (âãåì î), &gt;= (âãåì àå
     ùååä ì), == (ùååä), != (ìà ùååä), &lt; (÷èï î) and &lt;=
     (÷èï àå ùååä ì).  äùéîåù ááéèåééí àìå ðôåê áòé÷ø  ááéöåò 
     îùôèé úðàé , îäñåâ ùì <literal>if</literal>
     ìãåâîà.</simpara>
-
-   <simpara>
-    äñåâ äçàøåï ùì áéèåééí ù÷ééí äåà ùéìåá ùì 
-    operator-assignment expressions.  You already know that if you
-    want to increment $a by 1, you can simply write '$a++' or '++$a'.
-    But what if you want to add more than one to it, for instance 3?
-    You could write '$a++' multiple times, but this is obviously not a
-    very efficient or comfortable way.  A much more common practice is
-    to write '$a = $a + 3'.  '$a + 3' evaluates to the value of $a
-    plus 3, and is assigned back into $a, which results in
-    incrementing $a by 3.  In PHP, as in several other languages
-    like C, you can write this in a shorter way, which with time would
-    become clearer and quicker to understand as well.  Adding 3 to the
-    current value of $a can be written '$a += 3'.  This means exactly
-    "take the value of $a, add 3 to it, and assign it back into $a".
-    In addition to being shorter and clearer, this also results in
-    faster execution.  The value of '$a += 3', like the value of a
-    regular assignment, is the assigned value.  Notice that it is NOT
-    3, but the combined value of $a plus 3 (this is the value that's
-    assigned into $a).  Any two-place operator can be used in this
-    operator-assignment mode, for example '$a -= 5' (subtract 5 from
-    the value of $a), '$b *= 7' (multiply the value of $b by 7), etc.
+	<simpara>
+    äñåâ äùìéùé ùì ðúåðéí ùðãáø òìéå äåà, ùéìåá ùì àåôøèåø åäùîä. ëãé ìäòìåú àú äòøê ùì  äîùúðä $a á - 1, àôùø áôùèåú ìëúåá '$a++' àå '++$a'.
+    àáì ëùðøöä ìäòìåú àú äòøê ùìå áéåúø îàçã áùìåù ìîùì, àôùø ìëúåá àú äáéèåé '$a++' 3 ôòîéí, åæä ëîåáï ìà áãéå÷ éòéì.  ùéèä òãéôä áäøáä äéà ìëúåá '$a = $a + 3'.  '$a + 3' îåòøê ëòøê ùì  $a åòåã
+ 3, åëì æä îåùí çæøä ìúåê äîùúðä  $a, ëùäúåöàä äéà ùäòìéðå àú äòøê ùì  $a á 3. á PHP, ëîå áùôåú àçøåú, ãåâîú 
+     C, àôùø ì÷öø åìëúåá ôùåè '$a += 3'. ùôøåùä : ëê àú äòøê ùá $a, úåñéó ìå 3 , åúùéí àú äòøê çæøä á $a".
+    áðåñó ìæä ùäëúéáä ÷öøä éåúø åîåáðú éåúø, äáéöåòéí ùì äöåøä äæàú îäéøéí éåúø. äòøê ùì '$a += 3', ëîå òøê ùì äùîä øâéìä, äåà äòøê äîåùí.  ùéí ìá ùäåà àéððå 3 àìà ùéìåá ùì äòøëéí ùì $a å 3 (æä äòøê ùîåùí ì $a).  ëì äàåôøèåøéí ùîèôìéí áùðé îùúðéí, éëåìéí ìèôì áäùîä îäöåøä äæàú ìîùì, '$a -= 5' (äôçú 5 îäòøê ùì  $a), '$b *= 7' (úëôéì àú  $b á 7), åëå'.
    </simpara>
-
-   <para>
-    There is one more expression that may seem odd if you haven't seen
-    it in other languages, the ternary conditional operator:
-
-    <informalexample><programlisting>
-<![CDATA[
+	<para>
+    òåã áéèåé ùòìåì ìäøàåú ìê ÷öú îåæø , àí ìà øàéú àåúå áùôåú àçøåú, äåà àåôøèåø äúðàé äîùåìù:
+   </para>
+	<para>
+		<informalexample>
+			<programlisting><![CDATA[
+<?php
 $first ? $second : $third
-]]>
-    </programlisting></informalexample>
-
-    If the value of the first subexpression is &true; (non-zero), then
-    the second subexpression is evaluated, and that is the result of
-    the conditional expression. Otherwise, the third subexpression is
-    evaluated, and that is the value.
+?>
+]]></programlisting>
+		</informalexample>
+	</para>
+	<para>
+    àí äòøê ùì äáéèåé äøàùåï first äåà àîú- &true; (ìà àôñ), àæ éçåùá äòøê ùì äáéèåé äùðé,åæä éäéä äúåöàä ùì úðàé äîùåìù àçøú, äáéèåé äùìéùé éçåùá,  åäåà éäéä äúåöàä ùì äúðàé äîùåìù.
    </para>
-
-   <para>
-    The following example should help you understand pre- and
-    post-increment and expressions in general a bit better:
-
-    <informalexample>
-     <programlisting role="php">
-<![CDATA[
+	<para>
+    äãåâîàåú äáàåú àîåøåú ìòæåø ìê ìäáéï àú äòðééðéí:
+   </para>
+	<para>
+		<informalexample>
+			<programlisting role="php"><![CDATA[
+<?php
 function double($i)
 {
     return $i*2;
@@ -158,53 +131,36 @@
 
 /* at this point, both $d and $e are equal to 6 */
 
-$f = double($d++);  /* assign twice the value of $d <emphasis>before</emphasis> 
+$f = double($d++);  /* assign twice the value of $d before
                        the increment, 2*6 = 12 to $f */
-$g = double(++$e);  /* assign twice the value of $e <emphasis>after</emphasis>
+$g = double(++$e);  /* assign twice the value of $e after
                        the increment, 2*7 = 14 to $g */
 $h = $g += 10;      /* first, $g is incremented by 10 and ends with the 
                        value of 24. the value of the assignment (24) is 
                        then assigned into $h, and $h ends with the value 
                        of 24 as well. */
-]]>
-     </programlisting>
-    </informalexample>
-   </para>
-
-   <simpara>
-    In the beginning of the chapter we said that we'll be describing
-    the various statement types, and as promised, expressions can be
-    statements.  However, not every expression is a statement.  In
-    this case, a statement has the form of 'expr' ';' that is, an
-    expression followed by a semicolon.  In '$b=$a=5;', $a=5 is a
-    valid expression, but it's not a statement by itself.  '$b=$a=5;'
-    however is a valid statement.</simpara>
-
-   <simpara>
-    One last thing worth mentioning is the truth value of expressions.
-    In many events, mainly in conditional execution and loops, you're
-    not interested in the specific value of the expression, but only
-    care about whether it means &true; or &false;.
+?>
+]]></programlisting>
+		</informalexample>
+	</para>
+	<simpara>
+     áúçéìú äôø÷ àîøðå ùðãåï òì îñôø ñåâéí ùì äöäøåú, ëîå ùäáèçðå , áéèåééí éëåìéí ìäéåú äöäøåú. àáì ìà ëì áéèåé äåà äöäøä, äöäøä áðåéä îáéèåé å  ';' äúå ð÷åãä ôñé÷.  ááéèåé '$b=$a=5;', $a=5 äåà áéèåé úé÷ðé, àáì äåà ìà äöäøä, áôðé òöîå. ìòåîúå,   '$b=$a=5;'
+    äåà ëï äöäøä úé÷ðéú.
+   </simpara>
+	<simpara>
+    òåã ãáø çùåá ,ùùåä äæëøä ,äåà òøê äàîú ùì äáéèåé. áäøáä î÷øéí ìà àëôú ìê ë"ë îä äòøê ùì äáéèåé àìà ø÷ äàí äåà ùååä ì  &true; àå &false;.
     
     <!-- (PHP doesn't have a
     dedicated boolean type) : WRONG, php does. -->
     
-    The constants &true; and &false; (case-insensitive) are the two 
-    possible boolean values. When necessary, an expression is 
-    automatically converted to boolean. See the 
-    <link linkend="language.types.typecasting">section about
-    type-casting</link> for details about how.
+    ä÷áåòéí &true; å &false; (àåúéåú ÷èðåú åâãåìåú áî÷áéì) , äí ùðé äòøëéí äáåìéàðééí äàôùøééí. áùòú äöåøê, áéèåé îåîø àåèåîèéú ìòøëå äáåìéàðé. øàä àú äîãøéê òì 
+    <link linkend="language.types.typecasting">äîøú èéôåñéí</link> ìôøèéí ðåñôéí.
    </simpara>
-   <simpara>
-    PHP provides a full and powerful implementation of expressions, and
-    documenting it entirely goes beyond the scope of this manual. The
-    above examples should give you a good idea about what expressions
-    are and how you can construct useful expressions. Throughout the
-    rest of this manual we'll write <replaceable>expr</replaceable>
-    to indicate any valid PHP expression.</simpara>
-
-  </chapter>
- 
+	<simpara>
+    PHP îñô÷ú éùåí îìà åøá ëç ùì ééùåîéí. äñáøéí îìàéí òì æä äí îòáø ìèååç ùì äîãøéê äæä. äãåâîàåú ìîòìä éúðå ìê , îáè òì îä äí áéèåééí, åòì äãøëéí ìäùúîù áäí. áäîùê äîãøéê ðëúåá òì <replaceable>expr</replaceable>
+    ìæäåú áéèåéé PHP úé÷ðééí.
+   </simpara>
+</chapter>
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